While picking up my daughter from school today, I noticed an old jeep in the parking lot, but did not think much of it until I saw the tri-spoked Mitsubishi logo above the grill and did quite the double-take. Apparently a number of foreign companies were licensed to produce them after WW2.
I think Licensing is pretty much the best way to explain it. IIRC it was/is mainly companies in developing countries that were paying to use Jeep designs rather than Jeeps being shipped overseas or Jeep manufacturing having to be spun up in the country. Recently Mahindra had a license to use Jeep designs for manufacture in India but got in trouble because they were using those designs to make vehicles for the US market (I think it was the Roxor) and that was violating their terms.